Research Assignment | Professional Writing Services

The topic for the Review Paper is to review the recent steps toward finding an ideal replacement for the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL). The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the key ligaments that help stabilize your knee joint. The ACL connects your femur to your tibia.  It’s most commonly torn during sports that involve sudden stops and changes in direction — such as basketball, soccer, tennis and volleyball. We chose this topic because ACL injuries are very common across the population, and are certainly not easy to replace effectively. The medical community is not exactly sure of the best way to treat a torn ACL. Yet every year, at least 200,000 Americans undergo ACL reconstruction, in which the ACL is attempted to be restored with tendon grafts. Possible problems that can lead to re-tear of the ACL after a graft include suboptimal positioning of the graft, improper tension on the graft, or failure of the fixation of the graft. Most patients undergo this surgery soon after their injury. We wish to cover both grafts and synthetic replacements for the ligament.

The contents

Abstract

Introduction / Background on the Topic you selected to review

Literature Analysis (10 most recent journal papers)

Summary/Overall Conclusions

Suggested Future Directions

Bibliography

Abstract

Short and concise (Word limit: 250 words)

Attract the audience to read the entire document

Cover these topics succinctly: Significance/background on the field, problem statement, limitations with current approaches, what is the current need, what is the focus of the review article, summary and conclusions, future directions

Write in past tense (3rdperson) –avoid using I, we, our, my

No references in abstract

Introduction / Background

Define the problem statement -significance of the problem, how many people are affected

What is the current clinical solution? What is the state-of-the-art? -Limitations of the current clinical solution

What are the alternative strategies that have been developed? What are the concerns with them -justifies the need for more work!

Brief background on the approach/material/processing method that you selected to review –highlight the merits and advances of this approach. Are there any concerns.

State the goal and focus of your review paper –what will you summarize? –Note: Most fields are very broadand it is not feasible to review the entire field

Play a salesman (grab attention!) –convince the reader about the importance of the topic you are reviewing; write only appropriate content (Introduction is maximum three pages –double spaced).

Literature Analysis (Heart of the Report)

Each group must summarize a total of 10 peer-reviewed articles on the chosen topic

Structure and presentation of literature is important! –First read the articles and then write the literature section integrating the findings from the studies

Divide the literature review section into multiple sub-sections -keeps the paper organized and structured, easy to read

Summarize studies in detail –mention the methods employed, novelty, results and findings, analysis and conclusions.

Give your opinion (critique) on the studies –e.g. results are well supported by the results, statistical analyses, sample sizes.

Make tables, flowcharts, figures when needed

Summarize the Field/Overall Conclusions

Present a summary of the entire field –not individual articles

Highlight studies (materials/technologies) with the most potential

How far is the material/technology/medical device from clinical translation

Is the material/technology FDA approved?

What are the challenges?

Future Directions

Identify 2-3 challenges for future directions of research –towards clinical translation

Provide your thoughts and justification of why more work in these areas will significantly advance the field

Bibliography

Avoid citing websites (e.g. Wikipedia) as much as possible

Use a citation software. References must be included both in text and at the end of the report.

You may use any referencing format, but be consistent for the entire report

Do not plagiarize!

oRewriting sentences/paragraphs from articles is a serious problem.

oDo not paraphrase sentences –this is not acceptable even if you are citing the source.

oWrite your own report.

oIf you are not sure about what accounts for plagiarism –talk to me

Some reference which we find

Lin, V. S., Lee, M. C., O’Neal, S., McKean, J., & Sung, K. P. (1999). Ligament tissue engineering using synthetic biodegradable fiber scaffolds. Tissue engineering, 5(5), 443-451.

https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ten.1999.5.443

Liljensten, E., Gisselfält, K., Edberg, B., Bertilsson, H., Flodin, P., Nilsson, A., … & Peterson, L. (2002). Studies of polyurethane urea bands for ACL reconstruction. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 13(4), 351-359.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1014380332762

Arnoczky, S. P., Warren, R. F., & Minei, J. P. (1986). Replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament using a synthetic prosthesis: An evaluation of graft biology in the dog. The American journal of sports medicine, 14(1), 1-6.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/036354658601400101

Lavoie, P., Fletcher, J., & Duval, N. (2000). Patient satisfaction needs as related to knee stability and objective findings after ACL reconstruction using the LARS artificial ligament. The knee, 7(3), 157-163.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0968016000000399

Filbay, S. R., Ackerman, I. N., Russell, T. G., & Crossley, K. M. (2017). Return to sport matters—longer‐term quality of life after ACL reconstruction in people with knee difficulties. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 27(5), 514-524.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sms.12698

Boden, B. P., Dean, G. S., Feagin, J. A., & Garrett, W. E. (2000). Mechanisms of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Orthopedics, 23(6), 573-578.

https://www.healio.com/orthopedics/journals/ortho/2000-6-23-6/%7B047c48ea-7edb-4a8f-a007-14d0691e865b%7D/mechanisms-of-anterior-cruciate-ligament-injury

Amis, A. A. (1989). Anterior cruciate ligament replacement. Knee stability and the effects of implants. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume, 71(5), 819-824.

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.956.7037&rep=rep1&type=pdf

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